Week 1 Quiz >> R Programming
1. R was developed by statisticians working at
- Microsoft
- Johns Hopkins University
- The University of Auckland
- Harvard University
2. The definition of free software consists of four freedoms (freedoms 0 through 3). Which of the following is NOT one of the freedoms that are part of the definition? Select all that apply.
- The freedom to run the program, for any purpose.
- The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor.
- The freedom to prevent users from using the software for undesirable purposes.
- The freedom to improve the program, and release your improvements to the public, so that the whole community benefits.
- The freedom to sell the software for any price.
- The freedom to restrict access to the source code for the software.
- The freedom to study how the program works, and adapt it to your needs.
3. In R the following are all atomic data types EXCEPT: (Select all that apply)
- matrix
- complex
- data frame
- table
- list
- array
- numeric
- logical
- character
- integer
4. If I execute the expression x <- 4L in R, what is the class of the object `x’ as determined by the `class()’ function?
- character
- complex
- numeric
- integer
- matrix
- logical
5. What is the class of the object defined by x <- c(4, TRUE)?
- numeric
- integer
- matrix
- list
- character
- logical
6. If I have two vectors x <- c(1,3, 5) and y <- c(3, 2, 10), what is produced by the expression cbind(x, y)?
- a matrix with 2 columns and 3 rows
- a 2 by 3 matrix
- a vector of length 2
- a 2 by 2 matrix
- a vector of length 3
- a 3 by 3 matrix
7. A key property of vectors in R is that
- a vector cannot have have attributes like dimensions
- elements of a vector all must be of the same class
- elements of a vector can be of different classes
- the length of a vector must be less than 32,768
- elements of a vector can only be character or numeric
8. Suppose I have a list defined as x <- list(2, “a”, “b”, TRUE). What does x[[1]] give me? Select all that apply.
- a numeric vector of length 1.
- a list containing the number 2.
- a character vector containing the element “2”.
- a list containing the letter “a”.
- a numeric vector containing the element 2.
9. Suppose I have a vector x <- 1:4 and a vector y <- 2. What is produced by the expression x + y?
- an integer vector with elements 3, 2, 3, 6.
- a numeric vector with elements 3, 2, 3, 4.
- an integer vector with elements 3, 2, 3, 4.
- a numeric vector with elements 3, 4, 5, 6.
- a numeric vector with elements 3, 2, 3, 6.
- a numeric vector with elements 1, 2, 3, 6.
10. Suppose I have a vector x <- c(17, 14, 4, 5, 13, 12, 10) and I want to set all elements of this vector that are greater than 10 to be equal to 4. What R code achieves this? Select all that apply.
- x[x > 10] <- 4
- x[x >= 10] <- 4
- x[x >= 11] <- 4
- x[x == 4] > 10
- x[x == 10] <- 4
- x[x < 10] <- 4
- x[x > 4] <- 10
- x[x > 10] == 4
11. Use the Week 1 Quiz Data Set to answer questions 11-20.
In the dataset provided for this Quiz, what are the column names of the dataset?
- Month, Day, Temp, Wind
- Ozone, Solar.R, Wind
- Ozone, Solar.R, Wind, Temp, Month, Day
- 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
12. Extract the first 2 rows of the data frame and print them to the console. What does the output look like?
Ozone Solar.R Wind Temp Month Day
1 18 224 13.8 67 9 17
2 NA 258 9.7 81 7 22
Ozone Solar.R Wind Temp Month Day
1 9 24 10.9 71 9 14
2 18 131 8.0 76 9 29
✅ Ozone Solar.R Wind Temp Month Day
1 41 190 7.4 67 5 1
2 36 118 8.0 72 5 2
Ozone Solar.R Wind Temp Month Day
1 7 NA 6.9 74 5 11
2 35 274 10.3 82 7 17
13. How many observations (i.e. rows) are in this data frame?
- 129
- 160
- 45
- 153
14. Extract the last 2 rows of the data frame and print them to the console. What does the output look like?
Ozone Solar.R Wind Temp Month Day
152 31 244 10.9 78 8 19
153 29 127 9.7 82 6 7
✅ Ozone Solar.R Wind Temp Month Day
152 18 131 8.0 76 9 29
153 20 223 11.5 68 9 30
Ozone Solar.R Wind Temp Month Day
152 34 307 12.0 66 5 17
153 13 27 10.3 76 9 18
Ozone Solar.R Wind Temp Month Day
152 11 44 9.7 62 5 20
153 108 223 8.0 85 7 25
15. What is the value of Ozone in the 47th row?
- 18
- 34
- 21
- 63
16. How many missing values are in the Ozone column of this data frame?
- 78
- 9
- 37
- 43
17. What is the mean of the Ozone column in this dataset? Exclude missing values (coded as NA) from this calculation.
- 53.2
- 31.5
- 42.1
- 18.0
18. Extract the subset of rows of the data frame where Ozone values are above 31 and Temp values are above 90. What is the mean of Solar.R in this subset?
- 334.0
- 185.9
- 205.0
- 212.8
19. What is the mean of “Temp” when “Month” is equal to 6?
- 75.3
- 90.2
- 79.1
- 85.6
20. What was the maximum ozone value in the month of May (i.e. Month is equal to 5)?
- 100
- 18
- 97
- 115